{"id":23187,"date":"2020-02-11T18:52:06","date_gmt":"2020-02-11T18:52:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/?p=23187"},"modified":"2021-09-24T16:26:53","modified_gmt":"2021-09-24T16:26:53","slug":"partizip-i-and-ii-rules-and-usage-in-the-german-language","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/en\/partizip-i-and-ii-rules-and-usage-in-the-german-language\/","title":{"rendered":"Partizip\u00a0I and II \u2013 Rules and Usage in the German Language"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Partizip I and II \u2013 Rules and Usage in the German Language<\/h1>\n<p>In the German language, there is a difference between participle I and participle II. While the participle I expresses actions that are still taking place or are in progress, the participle II expresses actions that have already been or have been completed. A participle is formed from the root form of a verb. It is used like an adjective or in the formation of the perfect, Plusquamperfekts, future II or the passive.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Partizip<\/strong><strong>\u00a0I Examples<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>To form participle I, a -d is added to the verb root as in:<br \/>\n<em>spielen &#8211; spielen<strong>d<\/strong><br \/>\ngehen &#8211; gehen<strong>d<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/em><em>laufen &#8211; laufen<strong>d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> For some of the verbs can be better pronounced in participle I, an -e is added before the -nd as in:<br \/>\ntatt<em> tund &gt; tu<strong>end\u00a0<\/strong><br \/>\nstatt seind -&gt; sei<strong>end<\/strong><\/em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <strong>Partizip<\/strong><strong>\u00a0I<\/strong>\u00a0is used when you want to emphasize that different actions take place at the same time (this phenomenon is called &#8221; Gerundium. You can also use it as a noun to describe the person currently doing the action.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Mit dem Bus in Richtung London<strong> fahrend<\/strong>, n\u00e4hert sie sich ihrem Ziel<\/em>. Beide Handlungen, das Busfahren und das N\u00e4hern an das Ziel, finden gleichzeitig statt.<br \/>\n<em>Die <strong>Trainierenden<\/strong><\/em><strong>&#8230;<\/strong> Personen, die trainieren (just jetzt in diesem Moment, oder gerade in diesem Moment als Zeitabschnitt ihres Lebens).<br \/>\n<strong><em>Jubelnd <\/em><\/strong><em>verl\u00e4sst er die Lotterie<\/em>. Genau in dem Moment, in dem er die Lotterie verl\u00e4sst, jubelt der Mann (Gleichzeitigkeit).<br \/>\nN<em>eben dem <strong>wackelnden<\/strong> Tisch steht eine Vase.<\/em> (Verwendung als attributives Adjektiv: der Tisch, der wackelt).<br \/>\n<em>Die Stewardess begr\u00fc\u00dfte die <strong>anreisenden<\/strong> Fahrg\u00e4ste.<\/em> Die Fahrg\u00e4ste, die gerade anreisen, sind damit gemeint.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Partizip\u00a0II Examples<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The <strong>Partizip<\/strong><strong>\u00a0II<\/strong> begins with the prefix and ends either on -t (for regular verbs) or on -en (for irregular verbs).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<br \/>\n<\/strong><em>reden &#8211; geredet<\/em> (schwaches\/gemischtes Verb)<br \/>\n<em>essen &#8211; gegessen<\/em> (starkes Verb)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tip<\/strong>: There are several special regulations for the formation of the participle II. The root of some irregular verbs changes in the participle II.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples: <\/strong><em>gehen \u2013 gegangen<\/em>, <em>bringen \u2013 gebracht<\/em>, <em>schwimmen \u2013 geschwommen<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Some of the regular verbs in which the root ends with -t, -d or -n, an -et is used instead of the -t.<br \/>\n<strong>Examples:\u00a0 <\/strong><em>warten \u2013 gewartet<\/em>, <em>baden &#8211; gebadet<\/em>, <em>rechnen \u2013 gerechnet<\/em>, usw.<\/p>\n<p>If a verb ends in -ieren, the participle II is formed without <em>-ge-<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Examples:<\/strong> <em>lackieren \u2013 lackiert<\/em>, <em>studieren \u2013 studiert<\/em>, <em>reklamieren \u2013 reklamiert<\/em>, etc.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of separable verbs, the &#8211; <em>ge<\/em> is between the separable parts of the word<br \/>\n<strong>Examples:<\/strong> <em>besucht, verstanden<\/em>, <em>\u00fcbersetzt<\/em>, etc.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of inseparable verbs, the &#8211;<em>ge get omitted<br \/>\n<\/em><strong>Examples:<\/strong> <em>besucht, verstanden<\/em>, <em>\u00fcbersetzt<\/em>, etc.<\/p>\n<p>The past participle is used to form the perfect, plus perfect, future tense or passive. It can also be used like an adjective or noun.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Sie wurde von ihrer Mutter <strong>abgeholt<\/strong><\/em>. (Verwendung als Passiv)<br \/>\n<em>Einen schmakhafteren Braten habe ich bislang noch nie <strong>gegessen<\/strong><\/em>. (Perfekt)<em><br \/>\nVom Freund <strong>versetzt,<\/strong> verl\u00e4sst sie w\u00fctend das Restaurant<\/em>. (Die Handlung lag zeitlich vor der Handlung des Hauptsatzes, ist somit ein bereits vorhandener Zustand. Verwendung f\u00fcr eine Handlung im Passiv)<br \/>\n<em>Das Auto steht <strong>repariert <\/strong>bei Mechaniker zur Abholung bereit.<\/em> (Adverb\/Adjektiv f\u00fcr eine Handlung, die bereits passiert ist)<br \/>\n<em>Die <strong>Gefesselten<\/strong><\/em> <em>konnten sich nicht mehr selbst befreien.<\/em> Die Gefesselten sind die Personen, die zuvor gefesselt wurden (als Nomen, das eine Person beschreibt, die das im Partizip enthaltene Verb erfahren hat.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> Please note that if both the <strong>Partizip<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong> I and the <strong>Partizip<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong> II come before the noun, they have to be adjusted like an adjective in case of gender and number.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Das <strong>brennende <\/strong>Haus wurde von der Feuerwehr gerettet. <\/em>(Nominativ, neutrum, Sigular)<br \/>\n<em>Die Feuerwehr rettete das <strong>brennende <\/strong>Haus. <\/em>(Akkusativ, neutrum, Sigular)<br \/>\n<em>Die sich im<strong> brennenden <\/strong>Haus befindlichen Perosnen wurden von der Feuerwehr gerettet. <\/em>(Dativ, neutrum, Sigular)<br \/>\n<em>Das Dach des <strong>brennenden<\/strong> Hauses konnte leider nicht gerettet werden. <\/em>(Genitiv, neutrum, Sigular)<\/p>\n<p><em>Die <strong>spielenden<\/strong> Kinder haben sich \u00fcber die Geburtstagsgeschenke gefreut<\/em>. (Nominativ, -, Plural)<br \/>\n<em>Die <strong>ver\u00e4rgerte <\/strong>Frau beschwerte sich bei der Firmenleitung. <\/em>(Nominativ, feminin, Singular)<br \/>\n<em>Stolz zeigt Mia dem <strong>anwesenden<\/strong> Besuch die Familienfotos<\/em>. (Dativ, maskuslin, Singular)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exercises:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Fill in the blanks with the<strong> Partizip\u00a0 I or II<\/strong> of the verbs in parenthesis:<\/p>\n<p>a) Die Feuerwehrleute l\u00f6schten das ________ (brennen) Feuer.<br \/>\nb) Die ________ (verbrennen) Kekse konnte leider keiner mehr essen.<br \/>\nc) Die ________ (behhandeln) \u00c4rzte teilten dem Patienten mit, er soll mit dem Rauchen aufh\u00f6ren.<br \/>\nd) Der erfolgreich _________ (behandeln) Patient konnte nach 5 Tagen bereits nach Hause.<br \/>\ne) Ich gehe jetzt Kekse f\u00fcr die _________ (spielen) Kinder backen!<br \/>\nf) Hat dir die __________ (spielen) Sonate von Mozart gefallen?<\/p>\n<p>Answer key: a) brennende; b) verbrannten; c) behandelnden; d) behandelte; e) spielenden; f) gespielte.<\/p>\n<p>Learning German can sometimes be difficult. Don&#8217;t let that discourage you! The best thing to do is simply do a few exercises for the various functions of participle I and II in sentences. In order to make the participles a part of your every day life, you can take a German course with us and easily improve your German.<\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-23201\" title=\"Partizip\u00a0I and II \u2013 learn german in vienna\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Partizip-I-and-II-\u2013-learn-german-in-vienna.jpg\" alt=\"Partizip\u00a0I and II \u2013 learn german in vienna\" width=\"200\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Partizip-I-and-II-\u2013-learn-german-in-vienna.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Partizip-I-and-II-\u2013-learn-german-in-vienna-252x300.jpg 252w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h3>Other Blogs<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/en\/prepositions-dativ-german-grammar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Preposition with Dativ &#8211; Using the Dativ in German<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/en\/german-grammar-konjunktiv-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">All about the Konjunktiv 1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Our courses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/en\/oeif-german-courses-in-vienna\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00d6IF German courses in Vienna<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sprachschule-aktiv-wien.at\/en\/oeif-exam-a1-a2-b1-dates-information\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00d6IF Exams A1, A2, B1, B2 in Vienna- all Information and model tests\u00a0<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Partizip I and II \u2013 Rules and Usage in the German Language In the German language, there is a difference between participle I and participle II. While the participle I expresses actions that are still taking place or are in progress, the participle II expresses actions that have already been or have been completed. A [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":23217,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Past participle I and II \u2013 Rules in the German Language<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the German language, there is a difference between participle I and II. 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